Effectiveness of 10 and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines against invasive pneumococcal disease in European children: SpIDnet observational multicentre study

•PCV10 and PCV13 protect similarly against invasive disease due to vaccine serotypes.•PCV13 provides direct protection against serotype 3 and vaccine-related serotype 6C.•PCV10 does not provide significant protection against vaccine-related serotypes 19A and 6C.•PCV13 effectiveness declined with time after booster, in particular for serotypes 3 and 19A.•Multinational networks are crucial for the evaluation of PCV15/ PCV20 that may be introduced. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines covering 10 (PCV10) and 13 (PCV13) serotypes have been introduced in the infant immunization schedule of most European countries in 2010–11. To provide additional real-life data, we measured the effectiveness of PCV10 and PCV13 against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in children of 12 European sites (SpIDnet). We compared the vaccination status of PCV10 and PCV13 serotype IPD (cases) to that of nonPCV13 serotype IPD (controls) reported in 2012–2018. We calculated pooled effectiveness as (1-vaccination odds ratio)*100, and measured effectiveness over time since booster dose. The PCV13 and PCV10 studies included 2522 IPD cases from ten sites and 486 cases from four sites, respectively. The effectiveness of ≥ 1 PCV13 dose was 84.2% (95 %CI: 79.0–88.1) against PCV13 serotypes (n = 2353) and decreased from 93.1% (87.8–96.1)