Severity Factors of Pulmonary Aspergilloma in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit of Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona Hospital, Antananarivo, Madagascar

This retrospective study was designed to study the clinical profile, post-operative outcome with analysis of severity factors of pulmonary aspergilloma operated in our institute. During a 5-year period (June 2009 to June 2014), 34 patients underwent surgery for pulmonary aspergilloma and were admitted in the surgical intensive care unit of the CHU/JRA Antananarivo. The group consist of 23 male patients and 11 female patients with a mean age of 42 ± 9.9 years. In 29.4% of cases, it was a complex aspergilloma. The procedures performed were segmental resection (n = 3), lobectomy (n = 21), bi-lobectomy (n = 2), pneumonectomy (n = 7) and cavernostomy (n = 1). Median hospital stay was 4.5 ± 3 days. The postoperative lethality rate was 14.7% caused by respiratory failure, infection and underlying diseases. Main complications included bleeding, respiratory failures, and pulmonary infection. Factors associated to increased postoperative complications included: the ASA score, decreased preoperative lung function, urgent procedures, smoking, postoperative mechanical ventilation, bleeding, hyperleukocytosis and surgery duration.