Mode size studies on polarization variation in titanium-diffused Z-cut lithium niobate channel waveguides

An experimental setup is configured for mode size measurements of channel waveguides at different polarization excitations. Channel waveguides are fabricated on Z‐cut lithium niobate using titanium diffusion. The experimental setup is calibrated using an integrated optic directional coupler with known output port spacing. The near field at 1310 nm is magnified and projected at a distance, and then the profile is measured along the width and depth directions using a single‐mode fiber. The experimental results are presented for different input polarization excitations. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 19: 448–451, 1998.