Two spectroscopic methods for estimation of anti‐migraine medications: Sumatriptan and Zolmitriptan based on nucleophilic substitution reaction

Sensitive and selective spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods have been developed for the estimation of two anti‐migraine drugs, namely sumatriptan succinate (SUM) and zolmitriptan (ZOL). These methods depend on producing a yellow‐coloured product after the reaction of the two drugs with 7‐chloro‐4‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazole (NBD‐Cl). The reaction products exhibited maximum absorbance at 481 nm in borate buffer of pH 9 and fluorescence emission peak at 540 nm after excitation at 470 nm for the two drugs. The linear ranges were 5–60 μg/ml for SUM and 5–50 μg/ml for ZOL in the spectrophotometric method (Method I), whereas this was 0.4–4 μg/ml for SUM and 0.5–5 μg/ml for ZOL in the spectrofluorimetric method (Method II). The method validity was assessed according to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. Statistical analysis of the results obtained from the proposed and comparison methods confirmed that the proposed methods were highly accurate and precise. The suggested methods could be used for the determination of the mentioned drugs in both pure form and in tablets. The two drugs form a yellow‐coloured product after the reaction with 7‐chloro‐4‐nitrobenz‐2‐oxa‐1,3‐diazole (NBD‐Cl). The reaction products exhibit maximum absorbance at 481 nm in borate buffer of pH 9 and fluorescence emission peak at (emission = 540 nm and excitation = 470 nm) for both drugs. The linear ranges were 5–60 μg/ml for SUM and 5–50 μg/ml for ZOL in the spectrophotometric method and 0.4– μg/ml for SUM and 0.5–5 μg/ml for ZOL in the spectrofluorimetric method. The method validity was assessed according to ICH guidelines.