Hand hygiene in the operating room (OR)-(not) an issue?

In the knowledge that hand hygiene is a key measure in preventing healthcare-associated infections, the WHO recommends direct observation as the gold standard in order to evaluate compliance. High compliance rates when performing surgical hand disinfection imply a high rate of compliance throughout the operating room (OR). Concrete numbers reflecting hand hygiene within the OR are rare, however, which is why our goal was to systematically observe hand hygiene and create tailor-made training solutions in order to improve it. A hand hygiene data collection form was used to document compliance observations in the OR in 2017 and 2018. Compliance was monitored in two separate surgical departments. Surgeons and perioperative nurses, as well as anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists, were observed. In order to test a tailor-made training solution, two separate surgical departments were chosen. To test the effectiveness of the training solution, only one of the two surgical departments received a tailor-made training along with direct feedback from a trained infection control nurse. In the second surgical department, no training intervention took place. More than 1500 indications for hand hygiene were observed in the OR between 2017 and 2018. Overall compliance in the intervention group increased from 40% to 75% during the observation period (p