Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Newly Diagnosed Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Special Reference to Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with Diabetes mellitus which is often underdiagnosed. It is defined as an impairment of cardiac autonomic nerve fibers in the cardiovascular system after excluding other causes. CAN occurs when sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiovascular fibers are affected which leads to neurohormonal compromise. Sympathetic overactivity stimulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and increases heart rate, stroke volume, and peripheral vascular resistance, thus contributing to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Our study was a hospital-based observational study carried out in 92 newly diagnosed type-2 DM patients during a one-year duration between June 1st, 2020, and May 31st, 2021.CAN was assessed by Cardiac autonomic reflex test described by Ewing and Clarke, and LVDD was assessed by 2D Echocardiography and Tissue Doppler Imaging. The statistical significance was fixed at 5% level of significance (p