Sensitive recognition of prostate‐specific antigen using biotinylated antibody encapsulated on D‐penicillamine decorated wrinkled silicate nanoparticles (WSN): An innovative sandwich‐type biosensor toward diagnosis of prostate cancer

In this study, a new sandwich‐type biosensor was developed to specific recognition of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) and early‐stage diagnosis of prostate cancer using encapsulation of biotinylated antibody (Ab1) of prostate‐specific antigen on D‐penicillamine decorated wrinkled silicate nanoparticles (WSN). For the first time, KCC‐1‐NH‐DPA was synthesized and used to immobilization of biomacromolecules. So, fabricated immunosensor was performed by on sandwich‐type strategy. After fabrication of immunosensor, cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and square wave voltammetry techniques were used to electrochemical evaluation of immune‐platform for PSA detection. The proposed biocompatibility immune‐platform provided a novel interface toward sensitive bioanalysis of PSA biomarker in human plasma samples. Due to the use of gold nanoparticles functionalized Cysteamine (Cys A) in the structure of the secondary antibody (Ab2 [HRP‐Ab2]), the intensity of the electrochemical signal has increased, resulting in a more accurate detection of the target molecules. Under the right conditions, the engineering immunosensor provides good bioanalytical performance for determining the PSA biomarker in the linear range of 0.002 to 60 μg L−1 which low limit of quantification was 0.002 μg L−1. As a result, it is suggested to use these immune‐devices in the clinical pre‐diagnosis of prostate cancer.