Gastrointestinal disorder biomarkers

•Treatment for digestive diseases and disorders is more based on the symptoms of the disease.•Identifying and using diagnostic biomarkers can reflect the mechanism of the disease and its manifestations.•Micro-RNA and long non-coding RNA genetic biomarkers are novel markers that have recently been identified and are important for diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal tumors. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders refer to gastrointestinal tract conditions, ranging from dyspepsia to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and malignant tumors. Biomarkers, which are assessable indicators of the presence or severity of the disorders, are indispensable agents to diagnose GI conditions. Diagnostic biomarkers, including serological biomarkers, antibodies, immunological biomarkers, fecal biomarkers, and genetic biomarkers (Non-encoding RNAs), are investigated and categorized in this review. Furthermore, we have discussed the essential biological functions and diagnostic roles and the advantages and disadvantages of these biomarkers, besides novel genetic biomarkers such as miRNA-146a and their role in GI diseases.