Comparative effects of the single and binary probiotics of Lacticaseibacillus casei Zhang and Bifidobacterium lactis V9 on the growth and metabolomic profiles in yogurts

[Display omitted] •Effects of single and binary probiotics on growth and metabolism were compared.•Growth of B. lactis V9 was improved by co-cultivation with L. casei Zhang.•Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis may contribute to growth of B. lactis V9.•Binary probiotics had additive effect on production of short-chain fatty acids. In the present study, comparative effects of the single and binary probiotics of Lacticaseibacillus casei Zhang (L. casei Zhang) and Bifidobacterium lactis V9 (B. lactis V9) on the growth and metabolomic profiles during milk fermentation and storage has been analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The growth of B. lactis V9 can be significantly increased (p