Double veneering, low-temperature porcelain, and total glaze application methods to overcome failures of zirconia-based restorations

Objectives The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of double veneering, low-temperature porcelain, and total glaze application methods to overcome failures of zirconia-based restorations. Materials and methods Ninety yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia materials with 1.2 × 5 × 24 mm dimensions were cut from pre-sintered blocks. According to the fabrication process of the samples, 3 main groups were formed in the beginning. Low-temperature porcelain and press-on ceramic were used for veneering. First, the samples were divided into 9 sub-groups. Then they were arranged to form triple groups. Triple groups were arranged according to the sample preparation and applied test methods, respectively. After three-point bending tests, marked samples were oriented for stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope to evaluate and identify the fracture types. Data were statistically analyzed ( p