Polydopamine‐Induced Multilevel Engineering of Regenerated Silk Fibroin Fiber for Photothermal Conversion

Solid photothermal materials with favorable biocompatibility and modifiable mechanical properties demonstrate obvious superiority and growing demand. In this work, polydopamine (PDA) induced functionalization of regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) fibers has satisfactory photothermal conversion ability and flexibility. Based on multilevel engineering, RSF solution containing PDA nanoparticles is wet spun to PDA‐incorporating RSF (PDA@RSF) fibers, and then the fibers are coated with PDA via oxidative self‐polymerization of dopamine to form PDA@RSF‐PDA (PRP) fibers. During the wet spinning process, PDA is to adjust the mechanical properties of RSF by affecting its hierarchical structure. Meanwhile, coated PDA gives the PRP fibers extensive absorption of near‐infrared light and sunlight, which is further fabricated into PRP fibrous membranes. The temperature of PRP fibrous membranes can be adjusted and increases to about 50 °C within 360 s under 808 nm laser irradiation with a power density of 0.6 W cm−2, and PRP fibrous membranes exhibit effective photothermal cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Under the simulated sunlight, the temperature of PRP fiber increases to more than 200 °C from room temperature and the material can generate 4.5 V voltage when assembled with a differential thermal battery, which means that the material also has the potential for flexible wearable electronic devices. The regenerated silk fiber (RSF) solution containing polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles is wet spun to PDA‐incorporating RSF fibers, and then the fibers are coated with PDA via oxidative self‐polymerization of dopamine. Two‐step PDA functionalized silk fibroin fibers are endowed with controllable mechanical properties, remarkable photothermal property, outstanding biocompatibility, and flexibility, which are potential candidates for photothermal therapy or wearable heaters.