Prevalence and trends of type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes among community-dwelling heart failure patients in the United States

•Over 85% of American adults with heart failure (HF) showed signs of hyperglycemia.•1 in 10 American adults with HF had undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).•3 in 10 American adults with HF had prediabetes.•6 in 10 Hispanic American adults with HF had T2DM.•Prevalence estimates of T2DM in HF remained at a high level between 2005 and 2016. This study estimated national prevalence and trends of diagnosed and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes among heart failure (HF) patients in the U.S. This cross-sectional study included 527 participants aged 20+ years with a diagnosis of HF, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2016. We assessed prevalence estimates of diagnosed and undiagnosed T2DM and prediabetes stratified by age-standardized sociodemographic and health characteristics. Trends of T2DM and prediabetes prevalence were examined using logistic regressions. Prevalence rates of diagnosed and undiagnosed T2DM among HF patients were 34.7% (95% confidence interval (CI), 29.2–40.3%) and 12.8% (95% CI, 9.2–16.9%), respectively. Prediabetes affected 39.1% (95% CI, 33.6–44.9%) of HF patients. Prevalence estimates of diagnosed T2DM were significantly different between non-Hispanic White (20.1% [95% CI, 13.5–27.6%]) and Hispanic participants (52.1% [95% CI, 35.9–68.0%]) (P