Estrogens and phytoestrogens in body functions

[Display omitted] •Estrogens are hormones that play various roles in the body and are very important for health in both genders.•For this reason it is very important to deepen the study of natural substances, such as phytoestrogens. The use of these natural compounds could improve the conditions of the population.•This narrative review summarizes the literature on the physiological role of estrogens and the several potential health benefits of phytoestrogens. Estrogens are the hormones of reproduction in women as well as of many other important functions in the male and female body. They undergo significant changes in the different phases of life, e.g. during puberty, pregnancy or at menopause/andropause. Phytoestrogens are natural non-steroidal phenolic plant compounds that can mimic the activity of estrogens and their beneficial effects in women and in men. This narrative review summarizes the literature on the physiological role of estrogens and the several potential health benefits of phytoestrogens, with particular attention given to the possible role of phytoestrogens in aging.