New C9‐Monoterpenoid Alkaloids Featuring a Rare Skeleton with Anti‐Inflammatory and Antiviral Activities from Forsythia suspensa

Forsyqinlingines C (1) and D (2), two C9‐monoterpenoid alkaloids bearing a rare skeleton, were isolated from the ripe fruits of Forsythia suspensa. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were fully elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data and ECD experiments. The plausible biogenetic pathway for compounds 1 and 2 was also proposed. In vitro, two C9‐monoterpenoid alkaloids showed anti‐inflammatory activity performed by the inhibitory effect on the release of β‐glucuronidase in rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), as well as antiviral activity against influenza A (H1N1) virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).