Surface-functionalized curcumin-loaded polymeric nanocapsules could block apomorphine-induced behavioral changes in rats

Background Surface functionalization enhances the properties and characteristics of polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) mainly due to the surface charge, surfactants, and polymer coating type. Curcumin (CUR) is a bioactive compound with several proven pharmacological properties and low bioavailability. This study aimed to develop anionic (poly-ɛ-caprolactone; PCL) and cationic (Eudragit ® RS100 (EUD)) NCs prepared with sorbitan monostearate (Span 60 ® ) or sorbitan monooleate (Span 80 ® ), coated with d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) and optimized using 2 3 factorial analysis. Subsequently, the biological activity was evaluated. Methods A two-level, three-factor design (polymer, Span type, and TPGS concentration) was used. The biological effects of CUR-loaded TPGS-coated cationic and anionic NCs were assessed in apomorphine-induced stereotyped behavior in rats. Results The type of polymer (anionic or cationic) and Span ® had a factorial influence on the physical and chemical characteristics of NCs according to the changes in TPGS concentrations. Both cationic and anionic CUR–NCs could block apomorphine-induced behavioral changes. Conclusions The CUR-loaded TPGS-coated NCs proved to be a promising brain delivery system.