An integrated biorefinery strategy for the utilization of palm-oil wastes

[Display omitted] •Palm-oil waste and lignocellulose fraction processing and biorefinery approaches are reviewed.•Excessive amount of palm-oil waste has the most severe environmental impact.•Palm-oil waste must be used to produce biofuels and biochemicals.•Integrated biorefineries could help the palm-oil industry attain the sustainable development goals. Each year, the palm oil industry generates a significant amount of biomass residue and effluent waste; both have been identified as significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This issue poses a severe environmental challenge for the industry due to the possibility of long-term negative effects on human well-being. The palm-oil industry must invest significantly in the technology that is required to resolve these issues and to increase the industry's sustainability. However, current technologies for converting wastes such as lignocellulosic components and effluents into biochemical products are insufficient for optimal utilization. This review discusses the geographical availability of palm-oil biomass, its current utilization routes, and then recommends the development of technology for converting palm-oil biomass into value-added products through an integrated biorefinery strategy. Additionally, this review summarizes the palm oil industry's contribution to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) through a circular bioeconomy concept.