Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in a Taiwanese population: 2-year clinical outcomes and prognostic factors

Purpose To evaluate the 2-year efficacy and safety of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) in Taiwanese patients with glaucoma. Methods We included the patients who received standardized MP-TSCPC with follow-up examinations on a regular basis for 24 months. Treatment success was defined as the attainment of a postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) between 6 and 21 mmHg or a ≥ 20% reduction in IOP from baseline without an increase in glaucoma medications. Results A total of 60 eyes from 56 patients who underwent MP-TSCPC for refractory glaucoma were included. The median age at MP-TSCPC intervention was 58.9 ± 12.4 years. The percentage of treatment success was 88.3% at 3 months, 83.3% at 6 months, 78.3% at 12 months, and 75.0% at 24 months. The mean baseline IOP prior to MP-TSCPC was 34 ± 11.9 mmHg (range 14–56 mmHg). The mean postoperative IOP decreased to 20.9 ± 10.0 mmHg, 18.0 ± 7.8 mmHg, 17.5 ± 6.4 mmHg, and 18.2 ± 7.1 mmHg after 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months, respectively, in successful cases. The mean number of glaucoma medications at baseline was 3.8 ± 0.2, and the mean numbers of glaucoma medications at postoperative months 3, 6, 12, and 24 were 2.6 ± 0.7, 2.8 ± 0.6, 2.5 ± 1.4 and 2.6 ± 1.4, respectively, in successful cases. Younger age and prior CW-TSCPC significantly contributed to surgical failure in the multivariate model. Complications after MP-TSCPC included mild anterior chamber inflammation, conjunctival hemorrhage, hypotony, and mydriasis, and all subsided after treatment. None of the eyes developed vitreous hemorrhage, cystoid macular edema, or phthisis bulbi in the late postoperative period. Conclusions This study demonstrated that younger age and prior CW-TSCPC were risk factors for MP-TSCPC failure within 2 years. MP-TSCPC might be safe and effective for refractory glaucoma patients with maximal antiglaucoma medications.