Detection of Saint Louis encephalitis virus in two Brazilian states

We describe the circulation of Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) in two Brazilian States during outbreaks of Dengue and Zika viruses. We detected the virus in a patient from Araraquara, State of São Paulo, and in patients and in a mosquito pool of Culex quinquefasciatus from Sinop, State of Mato Grosso. Phylogenetic analysis grouped samples from this study within genotype V, which are closely related to other strains that previously circulated in other parts of the country. Genotype V seems to have established circulation in Brazil. Highlights During epidemics of DENV and ZIKV, we detected SLEV in human and mosquito samples from two different Brazilian States; SLEV detected in our samples belong to Genotype V of the virus; The detection of SLEV was only possible because there were active arbovirus surveillance protocols in both areas;