Associations between parenting representations and behavior among young mothers and mothers with opioid use disorder

Mothers’ representations reflect how they experience their child and their relationship, and can guide parenting behavior. While studies of representations typically focus on infancy, this study examines associations between mothers’ representations and behavior with their preschoolers using two samples: young mothers (n = 201; 42% African American, 42% Latina, 8% European‐American, 8% multi‐ethnic; Mage = 32 months) and mothers in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD; n = 150; 100% African American; Mage = 49 months). This study aims to identify the distribution of representations within these populations, differences in parenting between mothers classified with balanced and non‐balanced representations, and distinct parenting behaviors associated with distorted and disengaged representations. The Working Model of the Child Interview was conducted to assess representations, and mother–child interactions were video‐recorded. The distribution of balanced, distorted, and disengaged representations was 59%, 25%, and 15% among young mothers, and 21%, 39%, and 40% among mothers with OUD. Balanced representations (coherent, rich, engaged, respectful) were associated with positive parenting, including sensitivity, autonomy support, cognitive support and less negative regard among young mothers, and sensitivity and encouragement in the OUD sample. Mothers with disengaged representations (emotionally distant, lacking detail, indifferent) demonstrated less support for learning compared to mothers with distorted representations (involved but inconsistent, negative, or bizarre descriptions of child). Resumen Las representaciones de las madres reflejan cómo ellas perciben a sus niños y sus relaciones y pueden guiar la conducta de la crianza. Mientras que los estudios sobre representaciones típicamente se enfocan en la infancia, este estudio examina las asociaciones entre las representaciones de las madres y el comportamiento con sus niños prescolares usando dos grupos muestra: madres jóvenes (n=201; 42% afroamericanas, 42% latinas, 8% europeo‐americanas, 8% multiétnicas; edad promedio=32 meses) y madres bajo tratamiento por trastornos por uso de opioides (OUD; n=150; 100% afroamericanas; edad promedio=49 meses). El estudio se propuso identificar la distribución de las representaciones dentro de estos grupos de población, diferencias en la crianza entre madres clasificadas con representaciones equilibradas y no equilibradas, y conductas de crianza distintivas asociada