Remineralization effects of self‐assembling peptide P11‐4 associated with three materials on early enamel carious lesions: An in vitro study

The aim of this study was to assess the remineralization of enamel caries lesions using the self‐assembling peptide P11‐4 associated with different materials. Artificial early enamel lesions were prepared on 154 primary teeth. The samples were randomly divided into eight groups: (1) control, (2) P11‐4, (3) fluoridate toothpaste (FT), (4) P11‐4 + FT, (5) casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP–ACP), (6) P11‐4 + CPP–ACP, (7) fluoridate bioactive glass toothpaste (BT), and (8) P11‐4 + BT. The surface enamel microhardness (EMH) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) of the teeth were then measured at the baseline, after demineralization, and after 28 days of remineralization. The enamel surfaces were assessed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The data were analyzed with one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p