One-Pot Synthesis of Ternary Alloy Hollow Nanostructures with Controlled Morphologies for Electrocatalysis

The rational design and synthesis of multimetallic hollow nanostructures (HNSs) have been attracting great attention due to their structural and compositional advantages for application in electrocatalysis. Herein, the one-pot synthesis of Pd–Pt–Ag ternary alloy HNSs with controllable morphologies through a self-templating approach without any pre-synthesized templates is reported. Simultaneous reduction of multiple metal precursors by ascorbic acid in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) yielded initially metastable Pd–Ag nanocrystals, which can act as a self-template, and subsequent galvanic replacement and reduction led to the formation of final Pd–Pt–Ag HNSs. The size and hollowness (the ratio of inner cavity diameter to outer diameter) of the HNSs could be tuned through control over the concentration of CTAC. This can be attributed to the manipulated reduction kinetics of multiple metal precursors with the change in the CTAC concentration. The prepared Pd–Pt–Ag HNSs exhibited improved catalytic performance for ethanol electro-oxidation due to their large active surface areas and ternary alloy composition.