Perinatal outcomes associated with the diagnosis of gestational diabetes: Systematic review and meta-analysis

To compare perinatal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes using the one-step and the two-step test. Meta-analysis of observational studies pregnancies women with gestational diabetes from January 2014 to February 2019. The outcomes studied were induction of labor and delivery, preterm delivery, fetal macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, low birth weight, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Eight studies were included with a population of 108,609 pregnancies. Statistical differences were obtained for fetal macrosomia RR0.9 (95%CI0.85–0.97; I20%) and neonatal hypoglycemia RR1.1 (95%CI1.01–1.40; I248.5%). Neonatal macrosomia appears to be less present when the one-step diagnostic test is used and neonatal hypoglycemia was lower with the two-step test. Register PROSPERO CRD42020215062. •There is controversy about what is the best diagnostic test for the detection of gestational diabetes.•This meta-analysis tries to clarify which diagnostic test best improves maternal-perinatal outcomes.•The analysis included eight studies, with a total population of 108,609 pregnant women.•The use of the one-step diagnostic test (IADPSG) seems to decrease the neonatal macrosomia outcome (RR0.9).•The risk of neonatal hypoglycemia was lower using the two-step diagnostic test (Carpenter&Coustan) (RR1.1).