Investigation of changes in non-traditional indices of maturation in Navel orange peel and juice using GC–MS and LC-QTOF/MS

[Display omitted] •Non-traditional indices of maturity were studied in Navel orange (Qicheng).•Most non-volatiles decreased in abundance during maturation in peel and juice.•Most trends displayed by volatile compounds depended on their functional groups.•This study allows for better utilisation of the Navel orange in various industries. Changes in non-traditional indices of maturity, such as flavonoids and volatile compounds, during maturation were studied in Navel orange. Navel oranges were obtained at four stages of maturation, and non-volatile and volatile compounds in the peel and juice were analysed using liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight detector (LC-QTOF/MS) and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and a flame ionisation detector (GC–MS/FID), respectively. Twenty-eight non-volatile and 62 volatile compounds in the peel as well as 22 non-volatile and 11 volatile compounds in the juice were found to have significant changes (p