Multidimensional perspective of green financial innovation between green intellectual capital on sustainable business: the case of Pakistan

This study investigates the multifaceted role of green innovation among green intellectual capitals (GICs) on business sustainability in Pakistan’s manufacturing sector. A quantitative method based on the SEM model on SmartPLS and Stata analysis was used, which was supplemented by a survey of 800 Pakistani SME sector supply chain-associated participants. The findings revealed a significant effect of green intellectual capital and green innovation on business sustainability, while structural capital was found to have a significant moderating effect on the business sustainability of Pakistani firms. It has been determined that the relationship between GIC and BS has a strong moderation of green innovation. Furthermore, the relationship and impact of GICs on the business sustainability of Pakistani manufacturing companies were statistically significant, and green innovation played a moderating role between GIC and business sustainability. Therefore, it has been suggested that Pakistani manufacturing companies participate in eco-innovation to progress business sustainability.