Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Aquaglyceroporin Gene Expression in Treatment Failure Leishmania major
Purpose Leishmaniasis comprises various clinical forms mainly including cutaneous, muco-cutaneous, and visceral leishmaniasis; caused by Leishmania species. Antimoniate is the first-line treatment but some cases showed no response to treatment in the worldwide. In this study, mitogen-activated prote...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Acta parasitologica 2022-03, Vol.67 (1), p.309-315 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Purpose
Leishmaniasis comprises various clinical forms mainly including cutaneous, muco-cutaneous, and visceral leishmaniasis; caused by
Leishmania
species. Antimoniate is the first-line treatment but some cases showed no response to treatment in the worldwide. In this study, mitogen-activated protein kinase (
MAPK
) and aquaglyceroporin 1 (
AQP1
) gene expressions were assessed in treatment failure clinical isolates of
Leishmania major
. Also, molecular and phylogenic analyses of the mentioned isolates were performed.
Methods
Samples were obtained from the patients with suspicious CL referred to the laboratory of Diagnosis Center, Gorgan Province, Iran, from October 2016 to December 2019. Detection and identification of the parasite was performed. The genes expressions of
MAPK1
and
AQP1
were done using SYBR Green real-time PCR. The
AQP1
gene from the isolates with treatment failure was sequenced and analyzed using BLAST and multiple alignments. The phylogenic analysis was done using MEGA7. The statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16.0 by non-parametric Mann
–
Whitney
U
test.
Results
All clinical isolates were detected
L. major
. The mean
AQP1
and
MAPK1
gene expressions in treatment failure isolates were 58.71 and 6.139 fold less than the ones in treatment response isolates, respectively. Based on the
AQP1
gene sequence, a nucleotide change of aspartic acid with asparagine at the site 234 was observed. Phylogenic tree analysis showed three groups with the minimum dissimilarity of 0.008 between TF isolates with the standard
L. major
strains.
Conclusion
We showed that
MAPK1
and
AQP1
may have critical roles in response to antimoniate in clinical isolates
L. major
in this study. |
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ISSN: | 1230-2821 1896-1851 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11686-021-00463-8 |