The Problem of Social Benefit

[...]relatedly, it is often easier to price a loss than a gain. If a logging company plants a forest so it may harvest lumber in the future, it is unable to (directly) reap the added benefits of carbon capture that the forest provides to society. [...]carbon-offset credits enable the logging company to capture additional value from the positive externality it creates by planting trees. [...]jabs provide spillover benefits (positive externalities) to society in the form of lower health-care costs (in general, the cost of getting a vaccine is much lower than the cost of being treated at a hospital for a serious disease) and lower likelihood of disease transmission. Any one person is unlikely to directly reap any of these spillover benefits in a form that is tangible to them. [...]the cost-benefit analysis behind an individual's decision to get vaccinated does not factor in the societal benefits.