Biodegradation of Toxic Organics: Status and Potential

The ability of biological treatment systems to degrade toxic organic compounds is assessed through a review of the literature. While much general information is available, there is little kinetic information that can be used directly by engineers making decisions about process alternatives. Nevertheless, useful kinetic information can be obtained from biodegradation studies in which the toxic compound of interest serves as the sole substrate for microbial growth; a scheme is proposed whereby such information can be used in mathematical models to predict the extent to which the toxic compounds can be removed from complex waste streams. A methodology is also proposed whereby the impacts of the toxic compounds on the biodegradation of the biogenic organic material in the waste streams can be predicted. Finally, it is noted that new information about environmental biotechnology is being generated by biologists faster than engineers can assimilate and apply it. Thus, close alliances must be formed between engineers and scientists to fully exploit the potential offered by biotechnology.