Sex-Specific Long-Term Height and Body Mass Index Trajectories of Children Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Treated with Stimulants
To evaluate the sex-specific effects of stimulants in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on body mass index (BMI) z and height z trajectories. A retrospective cohort study using the database of Israel Clalit Health Services was performed. Participants included 5- to 18-yea...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | The Journal of pediatrics 2021-11, Vol.238, p.296-304.e4 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
Zusammenfassung: | To evaluate the sex-specific effects of stimulants in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on body mass index (BMI) z and height z trajectories.
A retrospective cohort study using the database of Israel Clalit Health Services was performed. Participants included 5- to 18-year-old insured patients with documentation of at least 2 consecutive prescriptions of stimulant drugs for ADHD. Participants were further compared with sex- and age-matched insured control patients without ADHD.
A total of 4561 (66% boys) participants with ADHD were included. Of these, 2151 (70% boys) had follow-up data for ≥2 years of treatment. A decline of ≥1 SD in height and BMI z score was observed in 10.1% and 13.2% of the cohort, respectively. During ≥2 years follow-up, boys had a greater decline in height z score (~0.2 SD) than girls (~0.06 SD). Boys' height z score continued to decline after 1 and ≥2 years, and girls' height z score declined after 1 year, and then stabilized. The trajectory of BMI z score of boys and girls was similar, showing a greater decline after 1 year, followed by an incline after ≥2 years. Younger age at stimulants initiation, better adherence, longer treatment duration, and lower socioeconomic status were correlated with a greater impact on growth attenuation. The non-ADHD group (n = 4561, 66% boys) had baseline height z score and BMI z score similar to those in children with ADHD before treatment initiation. Height z score and BMI z score were greater in children without ADHD compared with children with ADHD following 1 year of treatment (P |
---|---|
ISSN: | 0022-3476 1097-6833 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.07.018 |