Simultaneous measurements of single gamma ray of 131I and annihilation radiation of 18F with Compton PET hybrid camera

In internal 131I therapy for thyroid cancer, a decision to continue treatment is made by comparing 131I scintigraphy and [18F]FDG-PET. However, with current SPECT and PET systems, simultaneous imaging of diagnostic PET nuclides and therapeutic 131I nuclides has not been achieved so far. Therefore, we demonstrated that the recently developed Compton PET hybrid camera with Ce:Gd3(Al,Ga)5O12 (GAGG)- Silicon Photomultiplier(SiPM) scintillation detectors can be used to simultaneously image 131I Compton image and 18F PET image. •The Compton PET hybrid camera is useful for theranostics imaging.•The Compton PET hybrid camera enables simultaneous imaging of 131I and 18F.•Simultaneous imaging is not affected by patient condition or misalignment.•The Compton PET hybrid camera is available for imaging mixture of 131I and 18F.