The impact of metabolic syndrome components on urinary parameters and risk of stone formation

Purpose To investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and urinary abnormalities in stone-forming patients. Additionally, to delineate whether severity of urinary derangements is impacted by the number of co-occurring MS components. Methods Stone-forming patients who underwent initial metabolic workup prior to medical intervention at a comprehensive stone clinic were retrospectively reviewed and included in the study. Patients were given a six point (0–5) Metabolic Syndrome Severity Score (MSSS) based on the number of co-occurring MS components and split into six respective groups. Baseline clinical characteristics and metabolic profiles were compared between groups. Results Four-hundred-ninety-five patients were included in the study. Median age and median BMI was 58 years and 27.26 kg/m 2 , respectively. Several significant metabolic differences were noted, most notably a downward trend in median urinary pH ( p