Analysis of sequential ultrasound frames for the measurement of hemodynamic stresses, critical bent buckling pressure, and critical buckling torque of human common carotid atherosclerosis

Structural properties of the arterial wall are important diagnostic parameters. The current study aimed at investigating the hemodynamic properties and intima-media thickness changes of the common carotid artery in human subjects with atherosclerosis in order to determine the relationships between these indices. This study presented methods to detect instantaneous changes in the lumen diameter, intima media thickness, longitudinal movement and acceleration, and velocity of the left side of common carotid artery. These parameters were measured in 155 male patients, categorized into control (n = 42), mild (n = 39), moderate (n = 37), and severe (n = 37) carotid stenosis groups by B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography. Extracted parameters were used to estimate the biomechanical properties of arteries, including radial strain, arterial stiffness index, Young's elastic modulus, circumferential stress, shear stress, axial stress, critical bent buckling pressure, and critical buckling torque. All biomechanical parameters of common carotid artery were significantly different in patients with mild, moderate, and severe stenosis, compared to the control group (P