The influence of gut microbiome on bone health and related dietary strategies against bone dysfunctions

[Display omitted] •The gut microbiome is involved in many diseases involving bone loss.•Bone diseases are associated with the variations in the levels of specific phyla.•The regulatory mechanisms of bone health are mediated by the gut microbiota.•Gut microbiota-mediated dietary factors play an essential role in bone diseases. The link between the gut microbiome and bone health has begun to attract widespread interest in recent years. The gut microbiome are vital in many diseases involving bone loss. Probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary supplements have been suggested to protect bone health by altering the composition of the gut microbiota. Notably, studying the relationship between the gut microbiome and bone health can provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of bone diseases. This review focuses on the link between the gut microbiome and bone diseases, exploring current knowledge of the mechanisms by which gut bacteria affect bone health. In addition, the influences of dietary supplements on the interactions between the gut microbiome and bone health are discussed. This knowledge will promote new ideas for gut microbiota-mediated dietary interventions in patients with bone diseases.