Synbiotic formulation of Cichorium intybus root powder with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 and Lactobacillus reuteri BFE7 improves growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via altering selective gut health indices

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of synbiotic formulation of Cichorium intybus root powder (C) with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 (LA) and Lactobacillus reuteri BFE7 (LR) on growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via monitoring selective gut health indices. Twenty-four Murrah buffalo calves of 5–7 days old and 33 ± 2.0 kg of body weight were distributed randomly into three groups adopting complete randomized design (CRD) as follows: (1) group I served as control (CON) provided with a basal diet alone; (2) group II supplemented with synbiotic formulation of 200 mL L. acidophilus NCDC15 fermented milk with 8 g of Cichorium intybus root powder (LAC) along with basal diet; (3) group III supplemented with synbiotic formulation of 200 mL L. reuteri BFE7 fermented milk with 8 g of Cichorium intybus root powder (LRC) along with basal diet. The final body weight (BW), average dry matter intake (DMI) and structural body measurements were significantly increased ( P < 0.05) in LAC and LRC groups by synbiotic as compared to the CON. No effect was registered on apparent nutrient digestibility coefficient of various nutrients in supplemented groups. Faecal score was reduced by the supplementation of synbiotic being lowest in LRC followed by LAC and CON. Calves supplemented synbiotic showed lower ( P < 0.05) faecal pH and ammonia with a concomitant increase in faecal lactate levels and faecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) as compared to control. The faecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium population was increased ( P < 0.05) in synbiotic fed groups as compared to control. Additionally, coliform and clostridia count was decreased ( P < 0.05) in treatment groups compared to CON. Overall, it may be concluded that synbiotic supplementation was effective in improving the growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via altering selective gut health indices.