Effects of exercise therapy plus manual therapy on muscle activity, latency timing and SPADI score in shoulder impingement syndrome

The study aimed to compare the effects of exercise therapy plus manual therapy (ET plus MT) and exercise therapy (ET) alone on muscle activity, muscle onset latency timing and shoulder pain and disability index-Hindi (SPADI-H) score in athletes with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). Overhead male athletes diagnosed with SIS were randomly allocated into ET plus MT group(n = 40) and ET group(n = 40). Muscle activity, muscle onset latency timings and SPADI-H score were assessed. Both the groups performed 8 weeks of intervention and were evaluated at baseline, 4th and 8th weeks. ET plus MT group was more effective in increasing muscle activity, optimising latency timings and decreasing SPADI score when compared to ET group alone(p