Pseudonocardia pini sp. nov., an endophytic actinobacterium isolated from roots of the pine tree Callitris preissii

A Gram-positive, aerobic, actinobacterial strain with rod-shaped spores, CAP47R T , which was isolated from the surface-sterilized root of a native pine tree ( Callitris preissii ), grown in South Australia is described. The major cellular fatty acid of this strain was iso -H-C 16:1 and major menaquinone was MK-8(H 4 ). The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was identified as meso -diaminopimelic acid. These chemotaxonomic data confirmed the affiliation of strain CAP47R T to the genus Pseudonocardia. Phylogenetic evaluation based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed this strain in the family Pseudonocardiaceae , being most closely related to Pseudonocardia xishanensis JCM 17906 T (98.8%), Pseudonocardia oroxyli DSM 44984 T (98.7%), Pseudonocardia thailandensis CMU-NKS-70 T (98.7%), and Pseudonocardia ailaonensis DSM 44979 T (97.9%). The results of the polyphasic study which contain genome comparisons of ANIb, ANIm, and digital DNA-DNA hybridization revealed the differentiation of strain CAP47R T from the closest species with validated names. This strain represents a novel species and the name proposed for this microorganism is Pseudonocardia pini sp. nov., indicating the source of this actinobacterium from a pine tree. The type strain is CAP47R T (= DSM 108967 T = NRRL B-65534 T ). Genome mining revealed that this strain contained a variety of genes encoding enzymes that can degrade hazardous chemicals.