Associations of frontal QRS-T angle with left ventricular volume and function derived from ECG-gated SPECT in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease

Background The frontal QRS-T angle is one of markers of ventricular repolarization. We investigated whether or not the frontal QRS-T angle could predict left ventricular (LV) volume and function derived from ECG-gated SPECT in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Two hundred and twelve patients with advanced CKD defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate of 90°, and was considered abnormal. Enlarged LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) was defined as LVEDV index of > 76 ml m −2 in men and > 57 ml m −2 in women. Reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was defined as LVEF of