A CAD-oriented method for noise figure computation of two-ports with any internal topology

A method for computer-aided noise analysis and an algorithm for the noise-parameter computation of two-ports with any internal topology are discussed. The set of noise parameters that can be calculated by the method includes the noise figure, the correlation matrix of the outgoing noise waves at the input and output ports, the minimum noise figure, the optimum signal reflection coefficient, and the parameter N. The approach is applicable to circuits composed of any number of passive linear multiports and active liner two-port devices. The noise analysis is based on the scattering-matrix description for circuit elements and wave representation for noise. At microwave frequencies, a treatment of noise in terms of waves is more attractive.< >