Raw and modified palygorskite in water treatment applications for low‐concentration ammonium removal

Raw and modified palygorskite in water treatment applications for low‐concentration ammonium removal

Raw palygorskite (Pal) samples went under acid (H‐Pal), NaCl (Na‐Pal), and CaCl2 treatment (Ca‐Pal) in order to be examined as ammonium (NH4+) sorbents from aqueous solutions. The samples were characterized by XRD and FT‐IR techniques to examine potential structural differences after modifications,...

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Veröffentlicht in:Water environment research 2021-10, Vol.93 (10), p.1979-1994
Hauptverfasser: Gianni, Eleni, Lazaratou, Christina Vasiliki, Panagopoulos, Georgios, Sarantari, Panagiota, Martsouka, Fotini, Papagiannopoulos, Konstantinos, Panagiotaras, Dionisios, Papoulis, Dimitrios
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Adsorption
Ammonium
Ammonium compounds
Aqueous solutions
Calcium
Calcium chloride
Calcium ions
Endothermic reactions
Exothermic reactions
Isotherms
modified palygorskite
Palygorskite
Removal
Sodium
Sodium chloride
Sorbents
Sorption
Uptake
Water treatment
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Zusammenfassung:Raw palygorskite (Pal) samples went under acid (H‐Pal), NaCl (Na‐Pal), and CaCl2 treatment (Ca‐Pal) in order to be examined as ammonium (NH4+) sorbents from aqueous solutions. The samples were characterized by XRD and FT‐IR techniques to examine potential structural differences after modifications, and batch kinetic experiment series were applied to determine the optimal conditions for NH4+ removal. According to thermodynamic analysis, the removal reaction for sodium‐ and calcium‐treated samples was endothermic (ΔΗ0 > 0, 1.65 kJ/mol and 24.66 kJ/mol, respectively), in contrast with the exothermic reactions of raw and acidic‐treated palygorskite samples (ΔΗ0 
ISSN:1061-4303
1554-7531
DOI:10.1002/wer.1570