Different characteristics of mitochondrial dynamics-related miRNAs on the hemodynamics of pulmonary artery hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

•Mitochondrial dynamics-related miRNA reflects hemodynamics of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).•MiR-140-3p and miR-485-5p in PAH correlated to pulmonary vascular resistance.•MiR-140-3p and miR-485-5p in PAH also correlated to cardiac index.•MiR-485-5p levels in CTEPH correlated to right atrium pressure. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo fission or fusion. These mitochondrial dynamics are reported to be associated with pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH is divided into 5 groups, including pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), based on its pathogenesis. However, it is still unknown whether and how miRNAs related to mitochondrial dynamics (MD) affect PAH and CTEPH. We investigated patients who underwent right heart catheterization between October 2016 and January 2019. Out of 34 PH patients, 12 were diagnosed with PAH, and 22 were diagnosed with CTEPH. In addition, there were 30 patients diagnosed with left heart disease. We enrolled the 34 PH patients as the PH group and 30 left heart disease patients as the control group. Among MD-related miRNAs, the circulating levels of miR-140-3p were higher, and those of miR-485-5p were lower in the PH group than in the control group (p