Skin endometriosis: A case report and review of the literature

Skin endometriosis is a rare disease with variable clinical and histopathological characteristics that depend on hormonal stimuli. The skin is not a common location, as most cases of endometriosis involve pelvic sites, such as the ovaries, peritoneum and bowel. However, the most common extrapelvic site affected is the abdominal wall and this location of the disease is frequently associated with obstetric and gynecologic surgery. Here we report a case of skin endometriosis emerged as a painful subcutaneous nodule located near to the left side of an obstetrical surgery procedure scar. The patient affected was a woman in her reproductive age, with a history of right ovary endometriotic cyst laparoscopically removed and histologically confirmed as a primary endometriosis. Dermatologists should be aware of this condition in any woman with a painful lump located in the proximity of a pelvic surgery-induced scar. Its non-specific clinical appearance may confuse the clinician and may delay the diagnosis and management.