Routine evaluation of vesico-ureteric reflux in children with anorectal malformation does not reduce the rate of urinary tract infection

•Routine MCUG and the subsequent finding of VUR are not associated with increased rates of UTI compared to those who do not have routine MCUG.•Abnormal renal ultrasound is associated with UTI.•Routine MCUG is not recommended to detect VUR in patients with anorectal malformations as the detection and treatment does not alter the rate of UTI. Children with anorectal malformations (ARM) have a high rate of renal anomalies and increased risk of urinary tract infection (UTI). We aimed to determine whether using routine Micturating Cystourethrogram (MCUG) to detect VUR is effective in reducing the incidence of UTI or renal scarring in children with ARM. A retrospective study of consecutive children diagnosed with ARM in two centres with a minimum of 3 years follow-up was performed, excluding those with cloaca or an MCUG prior to ARM repair. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine variables which were associated with VUR, UTI and renal scarring. Associations are described as Odd's Ratio (OR), 95% Confidence Interval. Significance was taken as p