Role of vitamin D in treatment of keloid

Background Keloid is a benign well‐demarcated overgrowth of fibrotic tissue which extends beyond the original boundaries of a defect. The treatment of keloids is a particular challenge to dermatologists. Intralesional corticosteroid injection has been considered the first‐line treatment for keloids. Vitamin D plays an important role in cell proliferation and differentiation as it slows the progression of tissue fibrosis by keloid fibroblasts and inhibits collagen synthesis in dermal fibrosis. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of intralesional injection of vitamin D in the treatment of keloids, both clinically and ultrasonically. Methods Forty Egyptian patients with keloid scars were injected weekly with intralesional vitamin D with dose of 0.2 ml (200,000 IU) per 1 cm lesion. The keloid scars were evaluated with Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and by a high‐resolution ultrasound using B mode before and after treatment, the patients received 3 to 4 sessions. Results There was statistically highly significant reduction in VSS after treatment with intralesional vitamin D injection (p value≤0.001). There was also statistically highly significant improvement in ultrasonic keloid scar thickness after treatment (P value ≤0.001). Conclusions Intralesional vitamin D is an effective and safe method in treatment of keloid scars. Ultrasound is a useful method in assessing the improvement of keloids after treatment.