Propoxur (PPx) exposure as hormonal disruptor and spermatocidal in rat model

•The paper considered the impact of exposure of propoxur (ppx) on the reproductive parameters in rats model.•Chronic exposure of PPX caused disturbance in the reproductive hormones (Hormonal Imbalance)•Histological alterations in the testicular of the animals exposed was recorded.•The long time exposure to the toxic substances destructs hormonal configurations and histological architectures and thus promotes male infertility in the animal models. Propoxur is a carbamate insecticide widely used both in indoor and outdoor place to control insects. This present work was conducted to study the effect of exposure of propoxur (PPX) on hormonal and histological changes in the rat testes. The control animals received distil water, while the treated animals received Propoxur (PPx) by inhalation every other day for one month (PPx-1) and two months (PPx-2) respectively. The animals were euthanized by cervical dislocation; blood sample was obtained for reproductive hormonal assay and the testes were excised following abdominal incision fixed in Bouin's fluid for histological observations. Significant decrease in the level of testosterone (TT) and increase in follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH) were observed in PPX treated groups alongside with the degenerative changes in the seminiferous tubules, complete loss of spermatogonia population, and the testicular basal membrane. There was no reversal of destruction 30 days after withdrawal of the insecticide, indicating a persistent effect. The exposure to PPX insecticide has obvious deleterious effects on rat testicular micro-structure and reproductive hormones, Therefore, inhalation of such insecticide should be limited with special care in handling to limit or minimize its hazards. Le propoxur est un insecticide à base de carbamate largement utilisé à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur contre les insectes. Le présent travail a été mené pour étudier l’effet de l’exposition au propoxur (PPX) sur les changements hormonaux et histologiques dans le testicule de rat. Des animaux témoins ont reçu une solution saline physiologique, tandis que les animaux traités ont reçu du Propoxur par inhalation tous les deux jours pendant un (PPx-1) et deux mois (PPx-2) respectivement. Les animaux ont été euthanasiés par dislocation cervicale; un échantillon de sang a été prélevé pour le dosage des hormones sexuelles. Les testicules ont été prélevés après incision abdominale, ils ont été fixés dans le liquide de Bouin p