Voice, rhythm, and beep stimuli differently affect the right hemisphere preponderance and components of stimulus-preceding negativity

•Anticipation process of auditory stimuli was investigated using SPN.•Anticipation of voice sounds was processed earlier than beep and rhythmic sounds.•Anticipation of beep sounds elicited the right hemisphere dominance of SPN.•Anticipation of rhythmic sounds showed reduced amplitudes of SPN.•SPN could be used as an index of the brain–machine interface. The present study investigated whether auditory stimuli with different contents affect right laterality and the components of stimulus-preceding negativity (SPN). A time-estimation task was performed under voice, rhythm, beep, and control conditions. The SPN interval during which participants anticipated the stimulus was divided into quarters to define early and late SPNs. Early and late components of SPN were also extracted using a principal component analysis. The anticipation of voice sounds enhanced the early SPN and the early component, which reflected the anticipation of language processing. Beep sounds elicited the right hemisphere preponderance of the early component, the early SPN, and the late SPN. The rhythmic sound tended to attenuate the amplitude compared with the two other stimuli. These findings further substantiate the existence of separate early and late components of the SPN. In addition, they suggest that the early component reflects selective anticipatory attention toward differing types of auditory feedback.