Application of Encapsulated Bacillus licheniformis Supplemented with Chitosan Nanoparticles and Rice Starch for the Control of Sclerotium rolfsii in Capsicum annuum (L.) Seedlings

Rhizosphere encourages the survival and functioning of diverse microbial communities through the influence of plant roots. Likewise, the rhizobacterial functioning contribute to the growth and productivity of crop plants significantly. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the nanoparticles can expect to augment the performance of plant beneficial microorganisms including the rhizobacteria and hence have the promise to boost sustainable agricultural practices. In the present study, Bacillus licheniformis encapsulated in alginate-chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) beads supplemented with rice starch (RS) has been evaluated for its plant growth enhancement and disease control properties. The encapsulated Bacillus licheniformis was initially characterized for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, nitrogen fixing capacity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase production and antifungal activity against Sclerotium rolfsii. In addition to this, the plant growth promoting and biocontrol properties of the encapsulated Bacillus licheniformis were also evaluated using Capsicum annuum (L.) (chilli) seedlings. From the results, the plants treated with encapsulated Bacillus licheniformis supplemented with CNPs were found to have maximum growth enhancement. At the same time, plants treated with encapsulated Bacillus licheniformis supplemented with CNPs and RS were found to have enhanced disease suppression. This revealed the application of encapsulated Bacillus licheniformis supplemented with CNPs and RS as a promising delivery system for agricultural applications .