The influence of operating room nurses’ job stress on burnout and organizational commitment: The moderating effect of over‐commitment

Aims To determine job stress among Chinese operating room nurses, test the mediating effect of burnout and verify the moderating effect of over‐commitment between job stress and mental health. Design A descriptive, cross‐sectional study. Methods A multistage sampling method was adopted. First, a random sampling method was used to select 30 tertiary hospitals in Beijing, after which 509 operating room nurses were selected by convenience sampling from March‐June 2017. Self‐administered questionnaires were used to evaluate job stress, burnout, and organizational commitment among participants. Multiple‐group path analysis was used to test the mediating effect and the moderating effect. Results Of all nurses, 70.3% were in a state of job stress, which had negative effects on organizational commitment mediated by emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The result of multiple‐group path analysis showed that the path coefficients are different between the low and high groups of over‐commitment. When facing job stress, operating room nurses with low over‐commitment were more likely to have emotional exhaustion (β = 0.750 vs. 0.602), while those with high over‐commitment were more likely to have low organizational commitment (β = −0.641 vs. −0.594). Conclusion The job stress of operating room nurses in China was high. Burnout played a mediating role between job stress and organizational commitment. Over‐commitment played a moderating role in the relationship among job stress, burnout, and organizational commitment. Impact This study analysed the relationship among operating room nurses’ job stress, burnout, and organizational commitment. The findings provided confirmatory support on the mediated effect of burnout between job stress and organizational commitment and the moderation effect of over‐commitment. Different measures are needed to reduce job stress, as for easing burnout and improving organizational commitment among different groups of nurses. 摘要 目的 了解中国手术室护士的工作压力, 检验职业倦怠的中介效应, 验证过度承诺在工作压力与心理健康之间的调节作用。 设计 一项描述性横断面研究。 方法 采用多级抽样方法。首先, 采用随机抽样法选取北京市30家三级医院, 之后2017年3月至6月期间采用便利抽样法选取509名手术室护士。采用自填问卷的方式对参与者的工作压力、职业倦怠和组织承诺进行评价。采用多组路径分析来检验中介效应和调节效应。 结果 在纳入研究的所有护士中, 70.3%的护士处于工作压力状态, 通过情感耗竭和去个性化, 工作压力对组织承诺有负面影响。多组路径分析结果显示, 低过度承诺组和高过度承诺组的路径系数有区别。面对工作压力时, 过度承诺较轻的手术室护士更容易出现情感耗竭 (β=0.750 vs. 0.602) , 而过度承诺较高的手术室护士更容易出现低组织承诺 (β=−0.641 vs. −0.59) 。 结论 中国手术室护士的工作压力很大。职业倦怠在工作压力和组织承诺之间发挥着中介作用。过度承诺在工作压力、职业倦怠和组织承诺之间的关系中发挥着调节作用。 影响 本研究分析了手术室护士的工作压力、职业倦怠和组织承诺之间的关系。研究结果证实了职业倦怠在工