Outcomes of ixazomib/lenalidomide/dexamethasone for multiple myeloma: A multicenter retrospective analysis

Objectives This study aimed to investigate real‐world data of ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (IRd) therapy for patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 122 patients treated with IRd at 16 centers from May 2017 to January 2019 by using the Kansai Myeloma Forum database. Result At the start of IRd, the median age was 72 years, 66.7% of patients had IgG type, and the median number of prior therapies was 4, comprising bortezomib (85.4%) and lenalidomide (89.3%)‐based regimens. Disease progression and adverse events accounted for treatment discontinuation in 46 and 32 patients, respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was not reached, and the median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 11.9 months. Sensitivity to bortezomib did not affect the PFS, whereas lenalidomide‐refractory patients had significantly lower PFS than lenalidomide‐sensitive patients, who were comparable to TOURMALINE‐MM1 study. The patients with IgG type had significantly better PFS and OS than those with non‐IgG type. Conclusion This study presents the largest real‐world data of patients treated with IRd in Asia. However, in real clinical practice, the patient background is different from the TOURMALINE‐MM1 study, and IRd showed poor efficacy, especially in the non‐IgG type and lenalidomide‐refractory patients with RRMM.