Correlation between micro and macrostructural biaxial behavior of ascending thoracic aneurysm: a novel experimental technique

•A novel experimental setup integrating biaxial traction and microstructure is proposed.•Experimental data were used for structurally-motivated constitutive modelling.•Successful fitting with fiber-based models was obtained.•The setup feasibility demonstrated the analysis at macro and microstructure level. [Display omitted] Mechanical properties and microstructural modifications of vessel tissues are strongly linked, as established in the state of the art of cardiovascular diseases. Techniques to obtain both mechanical and structural information are reported, but the possibility to obtain real-time microstructural and macrostructural data correlated is still lacking. An experimental approach to characterize the aortic tissue is presented. A setup integrating biaxial traction and Small Angle Light Scattering (SALS) analysis is described. The system was adopted to test ex-vivo aorta specimens from healthy and aneusymatic (aTAA) cases. A significant variation of the fiber dispersion with respect to the unloaded state was encountered during the material traction. The corresponding microstructural and mechanical data were successfully used to fit a given anisotropic constitutive model, with satisfactory R2 values (0.97±0.11 and 0.96±0.17, for aTAA and healthy population, respectively) and fiber dispersion parameters variations between the aTAA and healthy populations (0.39±0.23 and 0.15±0.10). The method integrating the biaxial/SALS technique was validated, allowing for real-time synchronization between mechanical and microstructural analysis of anisotropic biological tissues.