First data on latent tuberculosis infection in Syrian refugees with diabetes in Lebanon

The association between diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis is a health-threatening double trouble. Vulnerable populations such as refugees and conflict-displaced populations may be at higher risk of both diseases. Here, we examined the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and its associated risk factors in a population of Syrian refugees with diabetes in North Lebanon. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 87 Syrian refugees with diabetes were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and a blood sample was obtained from each patient. LTBI was examined using the last generation QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay. The mean age of the study population was 54.1 ± 10.5 years, and the majority were women (79.3%). LTBI was found in 1 in 5 (17/87; 19.5%) enrolled patients, with the majority being originated from Aleppo (47.05%). Infection was significantly associated only with age (P = 0.009), and its risk was 4-fold higher in patients aged ≥60 years (odds ratio: 4.1, confidence interval: 1.4–12.5, P = 0.018). This study highlights the need to implement effective tuberculosis control strategies among refugees with diabetes, with particular attention to those at older age. •Prevalence of latent tuberculosis among Syrian refugees with diabetes never investigated.•One of 5 Syrian refugees with diabetes in Lebanon has a latent tuberculosis infection.•Older age is significantly associated with tuberculosis infection in this population.•TB control measures should be implemented among refugees with diabetes, esp. elders.•Diabetes-TB requires intl. efforts & resource mobilization in humanitarian settings.