Frequency of Porphyromonas gingivalis and fimA genotypes in patients with periodontitis and systemic lupus erythematosus

Objective The objective of this study was to determine and compare the distribution of fimA genotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared with control subjects. Material and methods This observational cross-sectional study included 281 patients divided into two groups. Group 1 (G1) consisted of 162 control subjects (30–54 years old) and, group 2 (G2) included 119 subjects (10–69 years old) diagnosed with SLE. The presence of P. gingivalis was detected by PCR. DNA sequences in acquired plaque samples were identified using P. gingivalis specific sequences and further analyzed to differentiate their fimA genotypes using six sets of fimA genotype-specific primers. Results The presence of periodontitis (PE) was similar in both groups; similar measurements were obtained regarding clinical attachment loss (CAL) (G1 1.76 ± 0.72 vs. G2 1.95 ± 0.76). G2 showed the highest frequency of P. gingivalis (94.95%). FimA genotype II is considered the most virulent and, was the most frequently found in the SLE group (53.09%). Conclusion The genotypes associated with PE are more frequently detected in SLE, which could make them susceptible to develop PE.